Evolution Of Humans Under The Lactose Intolerance Aspect...

Introduction I will be discussing the evolution in humans under the lactose intolerance aspect of us as an organism. Many scientists believe that we have evolved from a form of primate over the hundreds and thousands of years. Which we have a ton of evidence/research to back up these claims. In a study from (Musacchio, 2016) it explains the relationship of our brains to chimpanzees. Imaging of the apical progenitor mitosis showed a lengthening of prometaphase-metaphase in humans compared to chimpanzees that is specific to proliferating progenitors. The small set of genes that are more highly expressed in human apical progenitors points to increased proliferative capacity, and the proportion of neurogenic basal progenitors is lower in humans. These slight differences in cortical progenitors between humans and chimpanzees have had consequences for human neocortex evolution but show the evolution and relation between the two species. In other terms humans evolve every day, we reproduce at an alarmin g rate creating different versions of ourselves every second of the day. Whether they be good or bad mutations all of us are completely different and some traits can seem to dominate and be more common in people. For example, we all typically hold a constant body temperature at 98 degrees F, eat food for energy, require water, and convert oxygen into CO2. Not only us procreating daily creates more opportunity for evolution and mutations but also the surroundings each of us are set in

Laws and Public Shootings in the United States

Question: Why Should civilians be allowed to own firearms? Answer: Introduction Second amendment to the US constitution guarantees that all law-abiding individuals can purchase, possess, and use firearms for legitimate purposes. However, firearms are usually considered to be a means of destruction and given the prevalence of public mass shootings that occur in United States every year, the perception isnt very far-fetched too. According to Blau, Gorry, and Wade, 2016, there has been a constant rise in the number of public shootings in the US since the late 1990s. At the same time, firearms are also used as a means of protection and personal safety in which case they are held legally with government license. In such cases, it is very necessary to consider the number and types of firearms control provisions and laws government has installed to handle the rampant illegal carrying and use of firearms. It is the absence of such strong laws and their effective execution that leads to mishaps like mass shootings, street wars, etc. However, the repeated cases of public mass shootings are testimony to the inability of the US executive and judiciary to control the gun mishandling effectively. Till the time that the US laws are not stringent enough to handle these issues effectively, gun licenses should be released to only a limited section of people and not to all civilians at large. Also, for a safe society with ready acceptance of firearms, sociocultural, behavioural and educational issues are needed to be sorted at the same time. Though they might be a means of protection for a lot many, guns inherently are destructive weapons which should not be released into society without stringent controls over their usage. Are the Right Laws in Place? The most basic argument that comes to mind while thinking of firearm ownership by civilians and its adverse effects arises out of the fact that there needs to be state-installed laws that are effective in controlling and preventing any firearm related mishaps from happening. However, the changes in gun laws have always been slow in evolving. When it comes to formal laws to prevent firearm misuse, there have been three different types of gun control policy measures viz. Lenient, punitive and restrictive (Fleming, Rutledge, Dixon Peralta, 2016). While restrictive laws are meant to stop the crime from happening, punitive (punishment for a crime conducted using a firearm) and lenient (easy access and ownership of firearm) laws punish the culprit based on the severity of the crime committed by him. These measures of gun control policy come into special focus at the time of focusing events which because of their horrific nature force everyone to take a relook at the gun control laws prevailing in the state at that time. And hence, these measures become the basis for introduction of new bills by policy entrepreneurs who then drive the firearm debate in their favour. Though federal laws exist to restrict the firearm ownership in felons as well as mentally ill people, many US states have just started to form such provisions making the society safer (Buckey, 2010). However, it is the need of the hour that the gun control laws are expanded beyond the purview of prohibited classes of people and start taking other seemingly normal people too into consideration. This is especially true in case of individual state laws which are distributed and non-uniform and hence has scope to have loopholes in them. Federal laws in comparison are more substantial, definitive and comprehensive with prohibition extending to individuals beyond felons. Hence, to restrict the access of firearms to civilians, restrictive bills such as restriction on handguns, ammunition, assault rifles, taxes on ammunition, etc. which make the acquisition of firearm difficult in the first place should be propagated and enforced since prevention is better than cure. Is the Society Ready? An emotionally mature society is one in which suicide rates and depressive population counts are quite low. Around 40,000 people die in US each year because of suicide making it the 10th leading cause of death in US (Siegel Rothman, 2016). The numbers of depression are not very promising either. According to the same study, the presence of a firearm in the house increases the risk of suicide for both firearm owner as well as the household members. There has been shown a significant relationship between firearm ownership and suicide rates at regional or state level clearly demonstrating that the society isnt emotionally mature enough to handle a firearm in the vicinity without misusing it. Complacently handing over firearms to civilians in a such a society is a sure way to invite trouble and cause public unrest. There have been studies focusing on mentally ill people with tendencies of interpersonal violence which show that not all people are at risk of public violence at all times but rather only at specific intervals when the threat is elevated. However, the true dilemma is sorting out each and every such individual, figuring out their trigger points time durations and to separate them from the firearm or any such potentially dangerous object for that interval which seems impractical in a large population. In such a scenario, restricting firearm access to civilians at all times seems to be the most practical solution, at least till the time more unstable ones can be sorted out or the potentially dangerous ones can be assured to be accompanied at all times by a caretaker (which again might not be feasible in all cases). Similar need of the hour is to educate the populace about the effective and safe usage of firearms. Cultural Integration of Firearm Ownership in American Society Firearm ownership in US is considered as a state-sponsored privilege and a very much part of the fabric of living the American dream. It is considered as a cherished right and is very dear to a lot of Americans (Kocsis, 2015). However, the question is, is the American society really ready for this privilege? The cultural entrenchment of gun ownership as well as the constitutional privilege makes gun control a challenging task in US and hence the maximum focus is kept on trying to limit the access of guns to identified dangerous individuals (Swanson Felthous, 2015). Stemming from the fact that there has been a limited restriction on firearm ownership according to federal laws since 1939 due to National Firearms Act, there have been efforts time and again to introduce new laws and policy control measures that restrict the universal access t guns that is prevalent in US. One such important step towards it was when the Heller Court stated the fact that gun ownership right was not unlimited and was limited in case of certain identified individuals. However, it might be true that gun ownership is an inherent part of American fabric; it still requires a limited control and restrictions over firearm ownership to control crimes related to it especially given the ever increasing crime rate in the country. Conclusion Gun ownership by civilians is a highly debated and sensitive issue with highly demarcated categories of gun-ownership supporters as well those who want to be more circumspect in its usage and accessibility. However, gun ownership is undeniably a part of American life experience and is unlikely to go away anytime soon given the sort of legislation and culture that exists here. Several studies have proved the relationship between gun ownership and the increased suicide rates amongst gun-owning individuals and their families. Other studies have correlated interpersonal violent behaviour and serious mental illness which can make gun ownership an added danger. In view of such complications in the control of firearm-generated crimes, it is prudent to introduce more restrictive laws towards gun ownership and restrict gun prevalence in American society. Also, considering the fact that time and again court has tried to bring in new measures of controlling the firearms accessibility in American public, it is prudent to say that firearm control is essential in American society and not all civilians should be allowed free access to firearms. References Blau, BM, Gorry, DH Wade, C 2016, Guns, laws and public shootings in the United States, Applied Economics, vol. 48, no. 49, pp.4732-4746. Buckey, J 2010, Firearms for Felons-A Proposal to Prohibit Felons from Possessing Firearms in Vermont, Vermont Literature Review, vol. 35, p.957. Fleming, AK, Rutledge, PE, Dixon, GC Peralta, JS 2016, When the Smoke Clears: Focusing Events, Issue Definition, Strategic Framing, and the Politics of Gun Control, Social Science Quarterly, vol. 97, no. 5, pp.1144-1156. Kocsis, M 2015, Gun Ownership and Gun Culture in the United States of America, Essays in Philosophy, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 154-179. Siegel, M Rothman, EF 2016, Firearm Ownership and Suicide Rates Among US Men and Women, 19812013, Journal Information, vol. 106, no. 7. Swanson, JW Felthous, AR 2015, Guns, mental illness, and the law: introduction to this issue, Behavioral sciences the law, vol. 33, no. 2-3, pp.167-177.

Jackie Robinson Essays - Jackie Robinson, Branch Rickey,

Jackie Robinson Breaking the Color Barrier Jackie Robinson was an American athlete, business executive, and civil rights leader. Born in Cairo, Georgia, to a family of sharecroppers, Jack Roosevelt Robinson attended Pasadena Junior College in California and the University of California at Los Angeles. At UCLA he demonstrated exceptional athletic ability and became the first UCLA student-athlete to win varsity letters in four sports; football, basketball, baseball, and track. In 1941 Robinson left college to join the United States Army. After graduating from Officers Candidate School, Robinson became a second lieutenant in what was then a segregated army. Troubled by the mistreatment of black soldiers in his unit, Robinson protested the U.S. Army's discriminatory practices. Military police at Fort Hood, Texas, arrested Robinson when he refused the driver's order to move to the back of a bus. A court-martial acquitted Robinson and he received an honorable discharge in 1944 with the rank of first lieutenant. Robinson began his professional baseball career in 1945 with the Kansas City Monarchs, one of the leading teams of the Negro Leagues. Later that year, Robinson signed with Branch Rickey, the general manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers. Robinson spent the 1946 season playing for the Montreal Royals of the International League, a minor league affiliate of the Dodgers. After one season with the Royals, Robinson was called up to the Brooklyn team in 1947, becoming the first black to play major league baseball in the 20th

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buy custom Cultural Shock essay Cultural shock is neither a medical condition nor a clinical term but the concept is a merely a common way of describing the nervous and confusing feelings that an individual may experience if they leave a familiar environment or culture for some other different and new culture/ living conditions (Kingsley, 2009). Moving to a new location exposes people to a lot of changes which can be stimulating and exciting, however it can be at times overwhelming as one may feel frustrated, sad, and anxious and wish for going back home. Adjusting to new culture is often difficult due to new people having grown up with different beliefs and values hence their topics of discussion, their modes of expression and how they prioritize various ideas may be unusual to the visitor. This concept is related to health because it is simply the psychological disorientation among people in new environments and negatively impacts the psychological health of an individual. It closely relates an individuals psychology to emotional response associated with it and leads to stress. There is normally emotional discomfort and psychological confusion that result to immense psychological stress with symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and a helplessness feeling. It is this psychological disorientation that links it to health (Xia, 2009). Analyze and Discuss the Concept of Cultural Shock. Causes of cultural shock. As already discussed above, cultural shock is brought about by a change in cultural environment that could a result of going oversees to visit friends, as a tourist, to study, occupation among other reasons. The concept of culture is vague because it encompasses a lot of things such as customs, traditions, values, sight, sound, smell and thinking manner which are frequently different from one country to another. Communication is very important and its modes also vary from one society to another, for instance the use of non-verbal language like facial expression and body language is quite different in most parts of the world and could also aggravate the culture shock (Na, 2009). Most importantly it should be noted that all may encounter culture shock when exposed to circumstances different from their previous cultural situations. Symptoms of cultural shock. Although all people undergo culture shock when they travel abroad, the rate of reactions greatly varies among them. There are those who experience much less reactions and others much stronger. This is manifested through various symptoms similar to some medical conditions suh as depression although it is not one because it does not last for ever. The symptoms include: melancholy, sadness and loneliness, being preoccupied with health (multiple system grievances), a desire to sleep too little or too much (insomnia), temperament changes with sometimes feeling vulnerable and powerless (Kingsley, 2009). Some people feel angry, irritated and unwilling to interact with other people. Loss of identity is quite often as one feels out of place and insecure, inability of solving simple problems is also associated with this. Most people also experience lack of confidence, development of obsessions, stereotypes concerning the new culture and longing to go back home. The symptoms are not limited to this list only as there are a couple others. Stages of cultural shock. According to psychologists, there are four main stages of cultural shock. The first one is the honeymoon (tourist) phase which lasts for about six initial months and the visitor usually is excited about the new place. Secondly it is the emptiness (rejection) phase where the visitor starts having problems with transport, food and communication and they start feel like people no longer care for them (Na, 2009). The conformist phase follows which is characterized by understanding the values and ideals of the new culture with a new feeling of pleasure and humor. Finally there is the assimilation (complete adjustment) phase the foreigners accept drinks, food, customs and habits of the host country and may prefer some things here to their own country. Minimizing the Cultural shock. Kingsley (2009) observes that there are various ways that individuals can use to minimize cultural shock including moving as a group, learning about the new culture prior to the visit, having a positive attitude towards the move, settling as quick as possible, being open to new ways, being patient, developing a hobby, learning things like language and local cooking, sustain contact with your home country, mounting contact with the new culture among other things. These are some of the various ways that one can use to confront impediments in the new environment. Reflection on implications of the link between health and the concept of cultural shock for you as a health professional The concept of cultural shock can have a devastating effect on the psychological health of the visitor. My concern is majorly on the negative impact cultural shock brings about. I have witnessed many cases of stress being brought about by the shock because when iindividuals experience a new culture and consequently the cultural shock, unfamiliarity and variation affects their own psychological changes and participation in a cultural surrounding. According to Xia (2009), the involved psychological uncertainty and emotional distress results to immense levels of psychological stress as already mentioned earlier in the discussion. My important observation is that the negative effect of cultural shock on psychology of an individual in many occasions manifests through a huge and diverse set of symptoms even though not all people will encounter all of them but at least part of them. As I already stated earlier on, the main symptoms may be illustrated as helplessness, anxiety and depression (Xia, 2009). The accumulation of the feeling of helplessness, anxiety and depression will increase the extent and degree of psychological incomprehension making it deeper and deeper hence making it difficult for someone to pay attention and learn the new culture. Additionally, the psychological disorientation can inhibit peoples capability to make decisions and solve problems and greatly reduces the morale to the new surrounding. My additional observation is that when individuals fail to overcome cultural shock symptoms, their probability of becoming hostile to the citizens of the host country is very high. This leads to what I prefer calling handicap of interpersonal relationship. It is therefore important for all people who might experience cultural shock to employ various ways available for dealing with helplessness feelings, anxiety and depression. It is therefore my humble appeal to all those who may have plans of traveling abroad to make a lot preparations to reduce the impact of cultural shock (Xia, 2009). Conclusion Due to cultural diversity as a result of globalization, cultural shock is becoming very common through the world. The differences in culture result of unfamiliarity whenever one encounter new culture and consequently there is an occurrence of psychological stress for instance feeling of helplessness, anxiety and stress. This discussion has helped me to learn many things concerning cultural shock, more particular: what the concept really means, its relationship with health, the symptoms linked with, stages it undergoes and most important how to overcome it. I have also come understand that is very important to try and learn cultures of other countries because in this era where the world has become a global village, you never know what will happen next. Buy custom Cultural Shock essay

Briefly discuss, using specific examples, the issue of vaccine safety Outline

Briefly discuss, using specific examples, the issue of vaccine safety - Outline Example They argue that the effectiveness and safety of vaccines are not guaranteed. Issues surrounding the safety of vaccines are based on the fact that the use of vaccines has been associated with health problems that occur as side effects upon using vaccines. Specifically, autism has controversially been a condition that has been linked to the use of vaccines, with children within the relevant age bracket being the most vulnerable. In this regard, parents have raised concerns over the underlying risks in vaccine use. Governments, states, and more especially medical interventionists are embarking on monitoring health status of most vaccinated patients in a bid to ensure that vaccines remain safe, over and above being effective (Miller, 2009, p.173). While most vaccines have passed safety tests, cases of vaccines that are not safe cannot be ruled out. The occurrence of health problems that result from vaccines also remains an open phenomenon, thereby necessitating intensive analysis of vaccines’ side effects and subsequent health complications that they are likely to

Patient Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Patient Assessment - Essay Example His blood pressure was 150/98. Mentally the patient was disturbed by symptoms of disease that he had been experiencing for along time. He was also very stressed at work due to a busy schedule and had resulted to excessive drinking to address his mental problems. He is also disturbed by the fact the he cannot stop smoking. He is chain smoker. Socially the patient was stable as he showed that he integrated with people at the place of work and outside the work place. Being a manager, the patient interacted with a lot of people. He did no show any signs of social problems. He is a member of two social clubs. In the context of the society, the patient has a stable social life. He is contented with the position he holds in the society being a manager. His relationship with other societal members is also very stable. Using the Orem Model of nursing if assessed Mr. Parker to get more information about the development of type II diabetes. Using the following interpersonal skills, I was able to assess Mr. Parker further to get more information concerning his problem. I my assessment I was able to talk to Mr. Parker in a way that I showed him that there was a way out of the problem. Therapeutic communication in nursing dictates that you talk to the patient using constructive words which give the patient the hope to recover. The communication process should encourage the patient to the recovery path rather than portraying a doom about their conditions. Mr. Parker had a believer that his life would turn out to be very difficult since he had been diagnosed with a terminal diseases. To get more information about him in order to get the root cause of the disease I created a confidential atmosphere to Mr. Parker by assuring him that there was need to give me all his information in order for me to come up with the best nursing strategy for him to help him solve the problem of smoking and drinking. (b) Active listening To get more information from Mr. Parker, I had to listen to attentively and logically try to connect all the information that he gave me. As I listened to his story I realized that Mr. Parker's problems did no stop with excessive drinking and smoking. His problems went further to include nutritional problems and lack of physical exercises. I realized that being a manager, Mr. Parker was always busy from early morning to late hours working for his company. He lacked time to have physical activities and time to have healthy diets. Through active listening, I was able to gather all the information from him and at the same time related the information to get the root cause of his type II diabetes. (c) Conveying knowledge and information As we talked, I explained to Mr. Parker the relationship between his problems. I explained to him why he had developed the condition owing to his lack of exercises, lack of healthy diets, excessive drinking and smoking. I explained to him that eating junk foods leads to accumulation of fat in the body. Junk food contains

Internet Makes Life Better Essay Example for Free

Internet Makes Life Better Essay Nowadays, with the development of the Internet, our life becomes more convenient than any time in the past. With the click of the mouse, you can find everything on the Internet including shopping, communication, entertainment, study, and so on. Do you know how many percent of people on the Earth have access into the Internet? 21% In the United States, 74% of American adults use the Internet. 94% of students in the US are using the Internet. 60% of American adults use broadband connections at home. 55% of American adults connect to the internet wirelessly, either through a WiFi or WiMax connection via their laptops or through a handheld device like a smart phone. Because of the Internet, we can do shopping without going to the store which is located far away. Online shopping is the process whereby consumers directly buy goods or services from a seller in real-time, without an intermediary service, over the Internet. It is a form of electronic commerce. We can talk with a people who are away 10,000 miles with high quality of voice and images. Brought us closer to people those are in another part of the world: video calls with Skype, Online support calls so I don’t have to drive 2 hours to a client site. Telephone: Voice over IP or VOIP Besides, we can find tons of information by one click on Google.com, Yahoo.com, and so on. Other conveniences of the Internet: Online banking. Driving Directions .We can work or study from anywhere in the world. In conclusion, I believe the Internet makes life better. I cannot live one day happily without Internet.